Computer science programs explore the theories, development, and design of computers and applications. Colleges offer associate, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees in computer science.
Computer science programs prepare graduates to apply for tech jobs like computer and information research scientist, IT analyst, and software developer. The computer and information technology fields offer higher-than-average salaries and many jobs for qualified applicants.
Computer science majors who focus on cybersecurity may find excellent career opportunities after graduation. As cyberattacks increase, the supply of cybersecurity professionals is not keeping up with demand.
This guide explains why to get a computer science degree and highlights what to expect from a typical program. Explore our ranking of the best schools for computer science bachelor's and master's degrees.
Why Get a Degree in Computer Science?
The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) projects that computer and IT employment will grow 13% between 2020 and 2030, much faster than the 8% average. This translates to 667,600 new tech jobs.
People drawn to computer science typically have excellent math, analytical, and problem-solving skills. They are often detail-oriented, logical, creative, and tech savvy. Typical tech employers include computer systems design services, software publishers, government agencies, and education.
We highlight some benefits of earning a computer science degree below.
High Earnings: Computer and IT professionals earned a median annual salary of $91,250 in May 2020, higher than the national average of $41,950.
Plentiful Job Prospects: Computer science graduates can expect better job security and higher demand for their skills than in many other industries.
Positive Impact: Computer science professionals use computers to solve problems, meet communication needs, and minimize online risks.
Should You Get a Computer Science Degree or a Cybersecurity Degree?
Cybersecurity and computer science programs prepare students for in-demand careers in the computing and IT fields. The right degree may depend on your academic interests, specialization, career goals, and plans for further education.
Students seeking a broader education and versatile degree may benefit from majoring in computer science. Computer science programs open the door to many different computing and IT jobs, including software development, networks, and data science. Learners wanting to pursue a master's or Ph.D. in the field may also consider a general computer science degree.
An interdisciplinary field that draws from criminal justice and computer science, cybersecurity prepares graduates to protect computer systems and networks.
A cybersecurity degree can benefit students who want to pursue information security careers. Those in security positions may choose a cybersecurity degree for career advancement.
What to Expect From Most Computer Science Degree Programs
Most computer science degree programs teach the fundamental principles and practices of computer science. The theories and skills taught grow increasingly advanced with each degree level.
Computer science colleges typically offer courses in programming, computer architecture, software development, and algorithms. Many programs, especially those beyond the associate degree level, offer cybersecurity courses, but the number and types of classes vary.
Make sure to choose a computer science program at an accredited institution. The Computing Accreditation Commission of the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology provides accreditation to some computer science bachelor's programs.
Types of Degrees in Computer Science
The computer science discipline offers various program levels, including associate, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees. Generally, the higher the level of education, the better opportunities you will likely experience for salary potential and available jobs. However, many employers also prefer relevant experience in addition to education.
Below, we describe what to expect from the different types of computer science degrees.
Associate in Computer Science Degree
Computer science associates cover basic skills in computer programming, design, and development. Typically, these degrees take two full-time years to complete.
Schools with computer science associate programs usually offer an associate of science or associate of applied science. A typical curriculum includes classes like introduction to programming, computer architecture, and systems analysis and design.
Community colleges often offer computer science associate programs with pathways that let students continue their education and complete a bachelor's by transferring to a four-year school. Graduates can apply for entry-level IT positions like computer support specialists or web developers.
Bachelor's in Computer Science Degree
A computer science bachelor's program provides in-depth knowledge of the theory and fundamental skills of computer science. Students explore advanced mathematics, programming, computer architecture, and algorithms. Typical courses include data mining and machine learning, software engineering, discrete structures, and database systems.
Colleges that offer bachelor's in computer science degrees may have various names, including bachelor of science in computer science or bachelor of arts in computer science. Most computer science bachelor's programs take four full-time years to complete and require about 120 credits.
Some schools let students choose a concentration that focuses on a subfield of computer science, like software engineering, systems programming, artificial intelligence, or human-centered computing.
A versatile degree, a computer science bachelor's can prepare graduates to apply for jobs like software developer, computer engineer, computer programmer, and computer and information systems manager.
Master's in Computer Science Degree
Computer science master's programs tackle advanced topics, like cloud computing, data mining, software engineering, and full-stack development. Master's in computer science students develop expertise in specialized areas in the field, building on their foundational knowledge.
Learners may choose a concentration in data science, software engineering, artificial intelligence, or operating systems. A master's in computer science degree usually requires about 30 credits and takes 1-2 full-time years. Some schools require a computer science master's thesis or master's project.
Admission requirements usually include prerequisite courses that cover key computing fundamentals. Applicants with a bachelor's in computer science typically fulfill these prerequisites during their undergraduate study. Graduates can apply for jobs as information research scientists and data scientists.
Ph.D. in Computer Science
Ph.D. in computer science programs prepare graduates for high-level careers in research and academia. Learners build upon foundational computing knowledge to develop an area of expertise in a subfield. Potential research areas for Ph.D. students include cybersecurity, parallel and distributed systems, or big data management and mining.
Computer science doctoral program courses may explore the theory of optimization and continuous algorithms, computational biology, probabilistic models of human and machine learning, and numerical methods for unconstrained optimization.
In addition to coursework, Ph.D. students may need to pass a comprehensive exam, complete research, and prepare a thesis or dissertation. A typical computer science doctorate takes 4-6 years to complete.
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Jobs for Computer Science Graduates
The best schools for computer science prepare graduates for tech careers in various industries. Your degree type, experience level, and location can impact the number and type of positions available.
Potential computer science jobs include chief information security officers, security analysts, and software developers. Graduates with the necessary education and experience can apply for advanced positions as security directors and computer and information research scientists.
Below, we explain what to expect from some jobs open to students who earn a degree in computer science.
Chief Information Security Officer
Chief information security officers oversee all aspects of information security for their organizations. Duties include managing IT teams, developing information security policies, and conducting training. These professionals need at least a bachelor's degree, but many employers prefer candidates with a master's in computer science or a related field.
Required Education: Bachelor's degree required; master's degree preferredAverage Annual Salary:$167,300
Security Analyst
Security analysts, also called information security analysts, work for computer and financial companies, government organizations, and consulting firms. Security analysts typically need a bachelor's in computer science or a related field. An information security certification can lead to career advancement.
Required Education: Bachelor's degreeJob Outlook (2020-30):+33%Median Annual Salary:$103,590
Security Software Developer
Security software developers work on software programs from beginning to end. They design, implement, and test new and existing security technologies. Security software developers work for government agencies, nonprofit groups, and computer companies. They need analytical, communication, and problem-solving skills.
Required Education: Bachelor's degreeJob Outlook (2020-30):+22%Median Annual Salary:$110,140
Security Director
Security directors oversee the information security activities, budgets, and staff of their organizations. Their main job is to keep their organization's data and information secure. Education requirements vary, with some positions stipulating a bachelor's and others preferring a master's in computer science or a related field.
Required Education: Bachelor's degree required; master's degree preferredAverage Annual Salary:$91,000
Computer and Information Research Scientist
Computer and information research scientists create theories and models to address computing problems. They develop new computer languages, design software experiments, and publish research findings. Computer and information research scientists may specialize in an area like robotics or programming.
Required Education: Master's degreeJob Outlook (2020-30):+22%Median Annual Salary:$126,830
Choosing the Best School for a Computer Science Degree
Finding the best schools for computer science takes time and research. Explore the following factors to help you find the right program.
Accreditation: Make sure that prospective colleges are institutionally accredited. This signals students can earn high-quality degrees. It also makes it easier to transfer credit to another school, qualify for graduate school, and receive financial aid. Some computer science programs also hold separate, programmatic accreditation from ABET, indicating academic excellence.
Staff Diversity: Many students prefer computer science programs that employ a diverse faculty. Staff make-up can provide a window into how a school treats students and the availability of resources for underrepresented populations. Check out staff diversity by visiting prospective program websites or contacting departments directly.
Cost: Wondering how much it will cost to earn your degree? The price of a computer science degree varies significantly by school and degree level. Besides tuition, consider other potential expenses, like student fees, housing and travel, and books.
Should You Get Your Degree Online?
Some of the best computer science schools offer degrees online or in hybrid formats that combine in-person and online classes. Distance learning is increasingly prevalent and successful, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic moved many universities online.
Computer science degrees are especially well-suited to online education since students need to use their devices to complete coursework. When deciding what learning format to choose, learners must weigh the pros and cons of online school.
Online program benefits include convenience and flexibility. However, some students may prefer the structure of an on-campus program with face-to-face interaction with peers and instructors.
Top Bachelor's in Computer Science Programs
Explore our ranking of the five top computer science bachelor's programs for 2022. The link below details how we rank schools for all degree levels.
Top Master's in Computer Science Programs
Please consult our ranking of the five top master's in computer science programs for 2022. Learn how we rank our schools on our methodology page.
Frequently Asked Questions About Computer Science
What computer science degree should I get?
Generally, the higher the degree you complete, the better the earnings and career opportunities. Most computer science positions require that applicants have a bachelor's in computer science or related field like IT or computer engineering.
Those interested in a subfield of computer science, like data science or information security, may pursue a master's. However, most employers prefer to hire professionals with a combination of relevant experience and education.
Is computer science hard?
Computer science can be challenging since learning coding languages takes patience, practice, and sharp attention to detail. However, most people can master computer science skills and principles if they put in the time and work.
Is computer science a good major?
Computer science is an excellent major for students with strong problem-solving skills, creativity, and attention to detail. Graduates can pursue high-paying tech jobs in a rapidly growing field. For example, software developers earned a median annual salary of $110,140 in 2020, according to the BLS.
Should I go to college for computer science or cybersecurity?
Both computer science and cybersecurity degrees prepare learners for various tech jobs. As a subfield of computer science, cybersecurity focuses more on information security. In contrast, computer science provides a broader overview of software design and application. Choose a program based on your future career goals.
